雷(lei)(lei)電發生(sheng)時(shi)，我們盡量不要(yao)外(wai)出。室(shi)內(nei)相對安(an)全，但(dan)室(shi)內(nei)安(an)全措施也要(yao)做好。當(dang)你呆在室(shi)內(nei)時(shi)，你應該立即拔下電源開關(guan)，檢查煤氣開關(guan)，特別是關(guan)閉(bi)門(men)窗。這(zhe)樣可以隔離雷(lei)(lei)電進入室(shi)內(nei)的(de)方(fang)式，這(zhe)樣會更安(an)全。另外(wai)，較好不要(yao)在室(shi)內(nei)看電視(shi)。
  雖然門窗關著(zhu)，但雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)發出的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不(bu)容(rong)易進入室內(nei)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)視的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓都很(hen)強(qiang)，所以很(hen)容(rong)易為外面的(de)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)提(ti)供新的(de)棲息地，這樣會很(hen)危險。因此，防雷(lei)工(gong)程(cheng)專門發布了(le)危險通知，讓(rang)大家注意安全(quan)。
  雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)指正(zheng)負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的云塊接(jie)近一定距離時放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的現象。雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的聲音是(shi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)(chan)生的聲音；雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對計算機的影(ying)響(xiang)是(shi)釋放的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)擊中輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網絡，產(chan)(chan)生高壓(ya)(ya)。低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)會(hui)導(dao)致(zhi)計算機重啟，對計算機影(ying)響(xiang)不大；如果產(chan)(chan)生高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，會(hui)對所有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)（包括計算機）造成很大的損壞；雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)(chan)生高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線倒體傳輸到用戶(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。此時，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)處于(yu)使用狀(zhuang)態，雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)(chan)生的高壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)將(jiang)擊穿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備。
  因(yin)此，打雷時，較好呆在(zai)室內，關(guan)掉手機(ji)，關(guan)掉所有的(de)電源開關(guan)，更(geng)不用(yong)說看(kan)電視了。事實上，有很多事情(qing)需要注意(yi)，也(ye)就是(shi)說，在(zai)室內，遇(yu)到(dao)雷聲，迅速(su)找(zhao)到(dao)避雷的(de)地方，但不能(neng)去(qu)高的(de)地方，如建筑物、樹木，這些都不能(neng)隱藏，更(geng)不用(yong)說暴(bao)露在(zai)空地上了。
  在雷雨天氣(qi)下(xia)，帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)云形成的(de)(de)高(gao)壓電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)強(qiang)度非常(chang)高(gao)。通常(chang)，帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)云對地(di)球(qiu)放電(dian)(dian)一般是(shi)這種情況，其云屬(shu)于正電(dian)(dian)荷區的(de)(de)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)位，地(di)球(qiu)處于負(fu)電(dian)(dian)荷區的(de)(de)低電(dian)(dian)位。空氣(qi)起初(chu)不是(shi)導電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)，但在強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)力(li)的(de)(de)作用下(xia)，氣(qi)體原(yuan)子核外層的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子會受到(dao)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)力(li)的(de)(de)刺激，產生(sheng)優雅的(de)(de)跳躍，形成帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)離子。獲得電(dian)(dian)子的(de)(de)原(yuan)子被稱(cheng)為負(fu)離子，而失去電(dian)(dian)子的(de)(de)原(yuan)子被稱(cheng)為正離子。在電(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)力(li)的(de)(de)作用下(xia)，帶(dai)電(dian)(dian)離子可以(yi)形成電(dian)(dian)子流。
  當空(kong)氣極不穩定時，容易發生強(qiang)烈的向(xiang)上(shang)對(dui)流運動(dong)，形成高(gao)聳的雨云，云充滿(man)上(shang)下水蒸氣，會產生靜電(dian)，云上(shang)端(duan)產生正電(dian)荷(he)(he)，云下端(duan)產生負(fu)電(dian)荷(he)(he)，地面為負(fu)電(dian)荷(he)(he)，雖(sui)然兩(liang)個負(fu)電(dian)荷(he)(he)之(zhi)間(jian)存在電(dian)壓(ya)差，但兩(liang)個負(fu)電(dian)荷(he)(he)之(zhi)間(jian)有空(kong)氣作為絕緣(yuan)體，不能(neng)發生放電(dian)現象。
  如(ru)果兩個負電荷之間的(de)電壓差大(da)到可以突(tu)破絕緣體的(de)空氣，使(shi)空氣瞬間膨(peng)脹爆炸(zha)，發熱(re)發光(guang)，發光(guang)是閃(shan)電，膨(peng)脹爆炸(zha)發出(chu)巨大(da)的(de)噪(zao)音是雷(lei)聲。

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